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Cardiotoxic effects of anthracyclines in oncological treatment
Tekáčová, Kateřina ; Horníková, Daniela (advisor) ; Vávra, Jiří (referee)
Anthracyclines are antitumor antibiotics used during chemotherapy in cancer patients. Treatment with anthracyclines has good results but a side effect is significant cardiotoxicity. This bachelor thesis describes the mechanisms of action of anthracyclines which are essential in cancer therapy and may be risky for patients. The thesis also defines the term of cardiotoxicity and summarizes factors that may increase the risk of cardiotoxicity. The most commonly used agents in the anthracycline series are briefly described. Cardiotoxicity can be detected by cardiac markers, especially particular troponin and diagnostic methods. The last chapter describes the groups of substances that reduce the cardiotoxic effects of anthracyclines. Key words: heart, anthracyclines, cardiotoxicity, chemotherapy, onkology treatment
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Application of chemotherapy with use of elastomeric infusors
JANOŠŤÁKOVÁ, Kateřina
Current situation: Oncology is a branch of medicine that focuses on research, diagnosis and treatment of the tumour disease. This Bachelor thesis looks into application of chemotherapy using the elastomeric infusor. The theoretical part focuses on tumour diagnosis, oncology treatment, undesirable side effects of chemotherapy, venous cannulations in oncology, and on the elastomeric infusor. Objectives of the thesis: 1. To learn about practical experience of medical staff with care of patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment using elastomeric infusors. 2. To learn about the role of nurses who take care of patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment using elastomeric infusors. 3. To learn about experience of patients with chemotherapy treatment using elastomeric infusors. Methodology: The survey method and the technique of data collection in form of a half-structured interview were used in the research part of the Bachelor thesis, and the informants were selected deliberately. Analysis of the collected data was processed using the pencil-paper method, the so called coding. Research group: The research group consisted of 4 doctors and 6 nurses who work at oncology wards, and 4 patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment using elastomeric infusion. Results of the thesis: The results affirm good experience of informants with the elastomeric infusor. The medical staff apply this form of treatment several times a week and it is only possible to be applied into the port or the PICC. Patients are instructed about manipulation with the infusor. They are content that they can spend the time while using the infusor in the domestic environment. The nurse applies the treatment and when the application is finished, she disconnects the infusor. The nurse covers and fixates the needle to the port. Documentary evidence of each needle insertion into the port is provided in a special notebook. The needle mark is observed by the nurse and after the application, the port is flushed with solution in accordance with the practice of the ward. Practical use: The results collected in the research survey can be used as the potential study material for nurses in clinical practice and for students of nursing care.
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Unconventional protocols in treatment of glioblastoma
Potomová, Petra ; Kubíková, Iva (advisor) ; Škvárová, Karolina (referee)
Glioblastoma multiforme is one of the tumours defying the treatment that is currently in use (radiotherapy and chemotherapy). Due to the failure in its complete repression, new methods were developed, methods that do not fulfil the traditional expectation about oncological treatment. But it's these methods that could lead to inhibition of further proliferation and growth of the tumour. Therapies, like anti-angiogenesis, ketogenic diet, photothermal therapy or ferroptosis, can be targeted against the tumour and significantly tip the oncological treatment in favour of patients and doctors. Despite the need to optimize them due to side effects, added toxicity or development of resistance, they play a vital role in the future of oncology. Keywords: glioblastoma multiforme, oncological treatment; anti-angiogenic therapy, ketogenic diet, photothermal therapy, ferroptosis
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Use of support groups of patiens after breast surgery
PETRŮ, Lenka
Use of support groups for breast surgery patients This thesis examines the importance of support groups in the lives of women after breast surgery. In these modern times, there are more cases of disease won and fought not so his life. All thanks to the timely capture of the tumor. Still does not diminish the number of patients. The theoretical part of my work is divided into two parts. The first part deals with breast cancer. Thus, especially breast cancer, its treatment, which is divided into several species. A nursing care, which includes not only physical but also psychological aspect of man. In the second part was to define the term support group. And a few selected groups, their goals and services offered and provided to people with various diseases. Two goals were set. The first objective was to investigate the reasons for support groups, and the second objective was to determine their contribution to patients after breast surgery. Research was conducted by interview, conducted with patients attending the breast after surgery support group Arcus-Life in Czech Budejovice. Were determined two research questions. Research question 1: What are the reasons for support groups of patients after breast surgery? The answers showed that the reasons for the use of support groups are more, but the main reason is the sense of belonging and security. Research question 2: How patients perceive the benefits of breast surgery in the use of support groups? Patients from support groups in the Czech Budejovice reported as a contribution from the same understanding of female patients, the possibility of answering many questions, valuable advice and tried and tested tips. Based on the results leaflet was created, which can be used not only in support groups, but also in departments where there may be these patients such as surgery, oncology. The leaflet set out the reasons why a group visit, a group what they can offer and what they can get in the group.
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The Costs Analysis of Colorectal Cancer.
Bednářová, Martina ; Lešetický, Ondřej (advisor) ; Břehovský, Miroslav (referee)
The topic of this dissertation paper is the evaluation and comparison of costs related to the treatment of colorectal cancer in a sample of therapeutically significant groups of patients who were treated in the hospitals in Jindrichuv Hradec and Ceske Budejovice. Particular groups differ by the type of treatment used in this case and it is possible to distinguish patients with initial, advanced and most advanced stages of the illness.
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